The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a convincing shootout win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.